Soft-tissue-mimicking using silicones for the manufacturing of soft phantoms by fresh 3D printing

Purpose The purpose of this study is to use the Freeform Reversible Embedding Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) additive manufacturing (AM) technique for a liver phantom which can mimic corresponding soft living tissue. One possible applications surgical planning. Design/methodology/approach A thermo-reversible Pluronic® F-127-based support bath used FRESH technique. To verify how three-dimensional (3D)-printed new materials tissue, dynamic mechanical analysis and oscillation shear rheometry tests are carried out identify characteristics different 3D printed silicone samples. Additionally, differential scanning calorimetry was done on Then, validation performed with scanner. Finally, surface topography fulfiled microscopy its surface. Findings Silicone samples were able liver, therefore obtaining first using Practical implications Because silicones, surgeons could practice over these improved phantoms have an unprecedented degree tissue mimicking, enhancing their rehearsal experience before surgery. Social An improvement in surgery skills would lead bettering patient outcome. Originality/value research apply it printing organ AM